🔬   Investigations � Tests & Scans

Tests & Scans

Understand the blood tests, urine tests, imaging scans and other diagnostic investigations your doctor orders � what each test involves, what it measures, and what the results mean.

🩺 Dr. Seneth Gajasinghe � MBBS (Col) � MD (Col)
🏥 A Sineth Hospitals Health Education Project

Why Understanding Investigations Helps

When your doctor orders a test, understanding what it is and what it measures reduces anxiety, helps you prepare appropriately, and enables you to understand your results and ask the right questions.

Health Education by Sineth Hospitals explains the most common investigations used in clinical practice � from routine blood tests to advanced imaging � in clear, accessible English.

⚠️   Important: Test results should always be interpreted by your doctor in the context of your full clinical picture. This information is for education only.
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Laboratory Tests
Blood, urine and other lab tests � what they measure, normal reference ranges and what abnormal results may indicate.
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Imaging (X-ray, CT, MRI)
How imaging investigations work, what they show, and how they help doctors diagnose conditions.
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Reading Results
Understanding reference ranges, High/Low/Normal flags and what your results mean in plain English.

Investigation Articles

Select an investigation below and read the full article.

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Complete Blood Count (CBC) Explained: Understanding Your Blood Test Report
Laboratory · Haematology · CBC · Hemoglobin · WBC · Platelets · MCV
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Dengue NS1 Test Explained: Timing, Accuracy, Positive and Negative Results
Laboratory · Dengue · NS1 Antigen · IgM · IgG · Infectious Disease
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Dengue IgM Antibody Test Explained: Positive and Negative Results
Laboratory · Dengue · IgM Antibody · Dengue Serology · Infectious Disease
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Dengue IgG Antibody Test Explained: Positive and Negative Results
Laboratory · Dengue · IgG Antibody · Past Infection · Dengue Serology · Infectious Disease
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NS1 vs IgM vs IgG Explained: Which Dengue Blood Test Is Right?
Laboratory · Dengue · NS1 · IgM · IgG · Dengue Diagnosis · Infectious Disease
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Low Hemoglobin (Anemia): What Does a Low Hb Blood Test Mean?
Laboratory · Haematology · CBC · Anemia · Iron Deficiency
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FBS Test (Fasting Blood Sugar)
Laboratory � Endocrine � Diabetes
How Many Hours to Fast for FBS Test? (8-10 Hours Explained)
Laboratory � Endocrine � Diabetes Screening � FBS Preparation
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FBS vs PPBS: What�s the Difference?
Laboratory � Endocrine � Diabetes Screening � Blood Sugar Tests
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Liver Profile (LFT) Explained: AST, ALT, Bilirubin, ALP, GGT & Albumin
Complete guide to liver profile patterns including hepatocellular, cholestatic and protein abnormalities.
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AST (SGOT) & ALT (SGPT) Blood Tests
Purpose, preparation, fasting guidance and result reporting before testing.
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Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin & A/G Ratio Explained
Understand protein-related liver profile results including albumin, globulin and the A/G ratio.
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Bilirubin Test Explained: Total, Direct & Indirect Bilirubin
Understand bilirubin, jaundice and common high bilirubin patterns in a liver profile.
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ALP & GGT Explained: Cholestasis and Bile Flow Problems
Interpret high ALP, high GGT, gallstones, obstruction and cholestatic liver profile patterns.
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PT/INR Explained: Blood Clotting, Liver Function and Liver Disease
Laboratory • Liver Synthetic Function • Clotting
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Serum Creatinine Test Explained
Laboratory � Kidney Function � Renal Profile
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High Creatinine, eGFR & Kidney Function
Laboratory � Kidney Function � Creatinine Results
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eGFR Explained: Kidney Function & CKD Stages
Laboratory � Kidney Function � CKD Stages � eGFR Calculator
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High AST & ALT (SGOT/SGPT): Causes, Levels and Next Steps
Interpret elevated liver enzymes by level, trend, ratio, causes and red flags.
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PPBS Test (Postprandial Blood Sugar)
Laboratory � Endocrine � Diabetes
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PPBS in Pregnancy
Laboratory � Antenatal Care � Gestational Diabetes
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3 PPBS Test (Full-Day Blood Sugar Profile)
Laboratory � Endocrine � Diabetes Monitoring
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Blood Sugar Series Test
Laboratory � Endocrine � Diabetes Monitoring
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OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test)
Laboratory � Endocrine � Diabetes � Gestational Diabetes
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Liver Function Test (LFT)
Laboratory � Hepatic
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Renal Function Test (RFT)
Laboratory � Renal
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Chest X-Ray
Imaging � Radiology
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Ultrasound Scan
Imaging � Radiology
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MRI Scan
Imaging � Radiology
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CT Scan
Imaging � Radiology
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ECG (Electrocardiogram)
Cardiac Investigations
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Echocardiogram (Echo)
Cardiac Investigations
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Urine Full Report (UFR)
Laboratory � Renal
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Biopsy
Histopathology
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Pulmonary Function Test (PFT)
Respiratory
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HbA1c Test (Glycated Haemoglobin)
Laboratory � Endocrine � Diabetes Monitoring
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Normal Blood Sugar Levels: Complete Guide (mg/dL & mmol/L)
Laboratory � Endocrine � Diabetes � Prediabetes � Reference Ranges
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Blood Culture
Laboratory � Microbiology
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Lipid Profile
Laboratory � Cardiovascular
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Endoscopy
Gastrointestinal
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TSH Test Explained: What Does Your TSH Result Mean?
Laboratory · Endocrine · Thyroid · TSH · Hypothyroidism · Hyperthyroidism
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High TSH Explained: Causes, Symptoms and What to Do Next
Laboratory · Endocrine · Thyroid · TSH · Hypothyroidism · Subclinical Hypothyroidism
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Low TSH Explained: Causes, Symptoms and What to Do Next
Laboratory · Endocrine · Thyroid · TSH · Hyperthyroidism · Subclinical Hyperthyroidism
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Thyroid FNAC Test: Why It Is Done, How It Is Performed and What Happens Next
Laboratory · Endocrine · Thyroid · FNAC · Fine Needle Aspiration · Thyroid Nodule · Thyroid Biopsy
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Dr. Seneth Gajasinghe
Expert Contributor to All Articles
MBBS (Col) � MD (Col) � SLMC No. 27329
All articles on Health Education are created with the expert input and medical oversight of Dr. Seneth Gajasinghe. As an SLMC-registered doctor, he ensures the accuracy, quality and clinical relevance of every article on this platform.
🩺 About the Doctor ›
A Sineth Hospitals Health Education Project
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Medical Disclaimer
The information on this website is for general educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your doctor or a qualified healthcare provider for personalised medical advice.